From despair to discontent: an approximation between Kierkegaard and Freud

Abstract

Bringing together the thoughts of Kierkegaard and Freud regarding the origin of suffering demonstrates points of convergence between these two authors. The Dane names this state of suffering as despair, while the father of psychoanalysis refers to it as discontent. The first states that despair is the result of an individual choice. The second argues that discontent is inherent in civilized life. Both views hold that individual accountability in the subjectivation process is a decisive factor that points the way toward overcoming this evil. Their contributions also help to understand the roots of human ethical behavior in society.