Analysis of the concentration of fluoride in the public water supply of the Cuenca canton, as a possible factor that contributes to the development of dental fluorosis
Keywords:
Fluoride, Fluorine, Dental Fluorosis, Water
Abstract
In 1940, fluoridation of drinking water was used as an effective method to prevent tooth decay, however, the WHO determines that concentrations greater than 1.5ppm of fluoride increase the risk of dental fluorosis. Objective: To determine if the concentration of fluoride in the public supply water of the parishes of the Cuenca canton is within the parameters allowed according to the WHO. Materials and Methods: analysis of 36 water samples from the Cuenca Canton using the SPADNS technique. Results: reveal concentrations of fluoride in drinking water between 0.01ppm and 0.11ppm. Conclusion: the quantities found are not significant, they are within the established parameters, without being a factor directly associated with dental fluorosis.
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References
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Wong, E. Y., & Stenstrom, M. K. (2018). Onsite defluoridation system for drinking water treatment using calcium carbonate.Journal of environmental management, 216, 270–274. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.060
Akuno, M. H., Nocella, G., Milia, E. P., & Gutierrez, L. (2019). Factors influencing the relationship between fluoride in drinking water and dental fluorosis: a ten-year systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of water and health, 17(6), 845–862. doi: 10.2166/wh.2019.300
Angulo, M., Cuitiño, E., Molina-Frechero, N., & Emilson, C. G. (2020). The association between the prevalence of dental fluorosis and the socio- economic status and area of residence of 12-year-old students in Uruguay. Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 78(1), 26–30. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1642514
Armas-Vega, A., González-Martínez, F. D., Rivera-Martínez, M. S., Mayorga- Solórzano, M. F., Banderas-Benítez, V. E., & Guevara-Cabrera, O. F. (2019). Factors associated with dental fluorosis in three zones of Ecuador. Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 11(1), e42–e48. doi: 10.4317/jced.55124
Craig, L., Lutz, A., Berry, K. A., & Yang, W. (2015). Recommendations for fluoride limits in drinking water based on estimated daily fluoride intake in the Upper East Region, Ghana.The Science of the total environment, 532, 127–137. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.126
Demelash H, Beyene A, Abebe Z, Melese A. (2019). Fluoride concentration in ground water and prevalence of dental fluorosis in Ethiopian Rift Valley: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Public Health, 19(1):1298. Published 2019 Oct 16. doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7646-8
Goodarzi F, Mahvi AH, Hosseini M, et al. (2016). The prevalence of dental fluorosis and exposure to fluoride in drinking water: A systematic review.J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects, 10(3):127-135. doi: 10.15171/joddd.2016.021
Irigoyen-Camacho ME, García Pérez A, Mejía González A, Huizar Alvarez R. (2016). Nutritional status and dental fluorosis among schoolchildren in communities with different drinking water fluoride concentrations in a central region in Mexico.Sci Total Environ, 541:512-519. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.085
Mahantesha, T., Dixit, U. B., Nayakar, R. P., Ashwin, D., Ramagoni, N. K., & Kamavaram Ellore, V. P. (2016). Prevalence of Dental Fluorosis and associated Risk Factors in Bagalkot District, Karnataka, India. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry, 9(3), 256–263. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1373
Ministerio de Salud Pública. Organización Panamericana de Salud. Dirección Nacional de Estomatología. (1996). Estudio del Contenido Natural de Flúor en el Agua de Consumo Humano de los Abastecimientos del Ecuador. Quito- Ecuador.
Mohd Nor, N. A., Chadwick, B. L., Farnell, D., & Chestnutt, I. G. (2018). The impact of a reduction in fluoride concentration in the Malaysian water supply on the prevalence of fluorosis and dental caries. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 46(5), 492–499. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12407
Moimaz, S. A., Saliba, O., Marques, L. B., Garbin, C. A., & Saliba, N. A. (2015). Dental fluorosis and its influence on children's life.Brazilian oral research, 29, S1806-83242015000100214. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107BOR- 2015.vol29.0014
Molina-Frechero, N., Nevarez-Rascón, M., Nevarez-Rascón, A., González- González, R., Irigoyen-Camacho, M. E., Sánchez-Pérez, L., López- Verdin, S., & Bologna-Molina, R. (2017). Impact of Dental Fluorosis, Socioeconomic Status and Self-Perception in Adolescents Exposed to a High Level of Fluoride in Water. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(1), 73. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14010073
Parra J, Astudillo D, Cedillo N, Ordoñez G, Sempertegui F. (2012). Fluorosis Dental: Prevalencia, grados de severidad y factores de riesgo en niños de 7 a 13 años del Cantón Cuenca. Maskana, 3(1): 41-49
Shanthi, M., Reddy, B. V., Venkataramana, V., Gowrisankar, S., Reddy, B. V., & Chennupati, S. (2014). Relationship Between Drinking Water Fluoride Levels, Dental Fluorosis, Dental Caries and Associated Risk Factors in 9- 12 Years Old School Children of Nelakondapally Mandal of Khammam District, Andhra Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Survey. Journal of international oral health: JIOH, 6(3), 106–110.
Wong, E. Y., & Stenstrom, M. K. (2018). Onsite defluoridation system for drinking water treatment using calcium carbonate.Journal of environmental management, 216, 270–274. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.060
Published
2019-03-30
How to Cite
[1]
Vélez León, E., Rodas Flores, M.J., González Guzmán, M.A. and Cuenca León, K. 2019. Analysis of the concentration of fluoride in the public water supply of the Cuenca canton, as a possible factor that contributes to the development of dental fluorosis. Analysis. Claves de Pensamiento Contemporáneo. 23, (Mar. 2019), no. 6: pp. 1-19. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3910800.
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Health Science
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