Elucidación y Ostensión en el Tractatus

  • Oscar Joffe Universidad Humboldt, Berlín
Palabras clave: Objetos, Russell, Juicio, nombres, términos primitivos

Resumen

Wittgenstein escribe en §3.263 del Tractatus que “[l]os significados de signos primitivos  se pueden explicar mediante elucidaciones. Elucidaciones son proposiciones que contienen los signos primitivos. Por consiguiente, se pueden entender sólo si los significados de estos signos ya son conocidos”. Hacker arguye que semejantes elucidaciones se deberían entender en términos de ostensión. Pero la lectura de Hacker, arguyo, hace misteriosa la afirmación de Wittgenstein en §3.02 de que “lo que es pensable también es posible”. En la segunda parte del trabajo trato de hacer ver que el problema generado por el entendimiento de Hacker de §3.263 es fuertemente reminiscente de un problema que Wittgenstein señaló primero para la teoría de relaciones múltiples de juicio en 1913 (recapitulado en Tractatus §5.5422). Es improbable, por consiguiente, que Wittgenstein hubiera pensado de la elucidación de nombres tractarianos de la manera basada en ostensión que Hacker sugiere.

Biografía del autor/a

Oscar Joffe, Universidad Humboldt, Berlín

Oscar Joffe is a doctoral student at the Humboldt University in Berlin. Before coming to Berlin, he studied philosophy in St Andrews, Stirling, and Glasgow. His main interests are in the history of analytic philosophy (particularly Frege and Wittgenstein), logic and language, and the historiography of philosophy. He is currently writing a thesis on the notion of elucidation in Frege and the early Wittgenstein, supervised by Michael Beaney and Wolfgang Kienzler.

Referencias

Anscombe, G. E. M. (1963). An Introduction to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus. 2nd ed. South Bend, Ind: St. Augustine’s Press.

Beaney, Michael (1996). Frege: Making Sense. London: Duckworth.

Beaney, Michael (2017). “Wittgenstein and Frege”. In: A Companion to Wittgenstein, edited by Hans–Johann Glock and John Hyman.

Bouwsma, O. K. (1986). Wittgenstein: Conversations, 1949–1951. Edited by J. L. Craft and Ronald E. Hustwit. Indianapolis, Ind.: Hackett Publishing Company.

Conant, James (2000). “Elucidation and Nonsense in Frege and Early Wittgenstein”. In: The New Wittgenstein, edited by Alice Crary and Rupert J. Read. London and New York: Routledge, pp. 174–217.

Conant, James (2002). “The Method of the Tractatus”. In: From Frege to Wittgenstein: Perspectives on Early Analytic Philosophy, edited by Erich H. Reck. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 374–462.

Crary, Alice, and Rupert Read, editors (2002). The New Wittgenstein. London and New York: Routledge.

Davidson, Donald (1977). “Reality Without Reference”. Dialectica vol. 31 n° 3/4: pp. 247–58.

Diamond, Cora (1991). The Realistic Spirit: Wittgenstein, Philosophy, and the Mind. Representation and Mind. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.

Diamond, Cora (2010). “Inheriting from Frege: The Work of Reception, as Wittgenstein Did It”. In: The Cambridge Companion to Frege, edited by Tom Ricketts and Michael Potter, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 550–601.

Frege, Gottlob (1884). Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik. Breslau: Verlag von Wilhelm Koebner.

Frege, Gottlob (1979). Posthumous Writings. Edited by Hans Hermes, Friedrich Kambartel, Friedrich Kaulbach, Gottfried Gabriel, and Walburga Rödding. Translated by Peter Long, Roger White, and Raymond Hargreaves. Oxford: Blackwell.

Frege, Gottlob (1980). Philosophical and Mathematical Correspondence. Edited by Gottfried Gabriel. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Frege, Gottlob (1984). Collected Papers on Mathematics, Logic, and Philosophy. Edited by Brian McGuinness. Oxford, UK ; New York, NY, USA: Basil Blackwell.

Frege, Gottlob (1997). The Frege Reader. Edited and translated by Michael Beaney. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Frege, Gottlob (2016). Basic Laws of Arithmetic: Derived Using Concept–Script; Volumes I & II. Edited by Philip A. Ebert, Marcus Rossberg, and Crispin Wright. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hacker, P. M. S. (1975). “Frege and Wittgenstein on Elucidations”. Mind LXXXIV n° 1: pp. 601–609. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LXXXIV.1.601.

Hacker, P. M. S. (1986). Insight and Illusion: Themes in the Philosophy of Wittgenstein. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hacker, P. M. S. (1999). “Naming, Thinking and Meaning in the Tractatus”. Philosophical Investigations vol. 22 n° 2: pp. 119–135. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467–9205.00090.

Hanks, Peter W. (2007). “How Wittgenstein Defeated Russell’s Multiple Relation Theory of Judgment”. Synthese vol. 154 n° 1: pp. 121–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229–005–0195–y.

Helme, Mark (1979). “An Elucidation of Tractatus 3.263”. The Southern Journal of Philosophy vol. 17 n° 3: pp. 323–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041–6962.1979.tb00248.x.

Hertz, Heinrich (1899). The Principles of Mechanics : Presented in a New Form. London : Macmillan.

Hylton, Peter (1992). Russell, Idealism and the Emergence of Analytic Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Johnston, Colin (2017). “Wittgenstein on Representability and Possibility”. In: Innovations in the History of Analytical Philosophy, edited by Sandra Lapointe and Christopher Pincock. Palgrave Innovations in Philosophy. London, United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 127–147.

MacBride, Fraser (2013). “The Russell–Wittgenstein Dispute: A New Perspective”. In Judgement and Truth in Early Analytic Philosophy and Phenomenology, edited by Mark Textor, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 206–241.

Malcolm, Norman (1986). Nothing Is Hidden: Wittgenstein’s Criticism of His Early Thought. Oxford: Blackwell.

McGinn, Marie (2009). Elucidating the Tractatus: Wittgenstein’s Early Philosophy of Logic and Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

McGuinness, Brian (2006). “The Supposed Realism of the Tractatus”. In: McGuinness, Brian. Approaches to Wittgenstein, London: Routledge, pp. 82–94.

Pears, David (1987). The False Prison. Vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198247702.001.0001.

Potter, Michael (2020). The Rise of Analytic Philosophy, 1879–1930: From Frege to Ramsey. New York London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.

Potter, Michael (2021). “How Substantial Are Tractarian Objects Really?” Disputatio, vol. 10 n° 18: pp. 93–107.

Russell, Bertrand (1903). The Principles of Mathematics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Russell, Bertrand (1973). Essays in Analysis. London: Allen & Unwin.

Sullivan, Peter M. (2001). “A Version of the Picture Theory”. In: Ludwig Wittgenstein: Tractatus Logico–Philosophicus, edited by Wilhelm Vossenkuhl. Akademie Verlag, pp. 89–110. https://doi.org/10.1524/9783050050348.89.

Textor, Mark (2009). “IV–Unsaturatedness: Wittgenstein’s Challenge, Frege’s Answer”. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society vol. 109 n° 1: pp. 61–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467–9264.2009.00258.x.

Wahl, Russell (1986). “Bertrand Russell’s Theory of Judgment”. Synthese vol. 68 n° 3: pp. 383–407.

Waismann, Friedrich, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Moritz Schlick, and Brian McGuinness (1979). Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle: Conversations. New York: Barnes & Noble Books.

Weiner, Joan (1990). Frege in Perspective. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Weiner, Joan (2010). “Understanding Frege’s Project”. In The Cambridge Companion to Frege, edited by Tom Ricketts and Michael Potter, 1st ed., pp. 32–62. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL9780521624282.002.

Whitehead, Alfred North, and Bertrand Russell (1925). Principia Mathematica. Volume I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1961). Notebooks, 1914–1916. Edited by G. H. von Wright and G. E. M. Anscombe. Translated by G. E. M. Anscombe. New York: Harper.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1967). Zettel. Edited by Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe and Georg Henrik von Wright. Berkeley Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1968). Philosophical Investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1990). Philosophical Remarks. Edited by Rush Rhees, Raymond Hargraves, and Roger White. Reprint. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (2007). Preliminary Studies for the “Philosophical Investigations” Generally Known as The Blue and Brown Books. Oxford: Blackwell.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (2008). Wittgenstein in Cambridge: Letters and Documents, 1911–1951. Edited by Brian McGuinness. Malden, MA ; Oxford: Blackwell Pub.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (2023). Tractatus Logico–Philosophicus. Translated by Michael Beaney. Oxford World’s Classics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780198861379.

Publicado
2022-12-31
Cómo citar
[1]
Joffe, O. 2022. Elucidación y Ostensión en el Tractatus. Disputatio. 11, 23 (dic. 2022), 165-187. DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958419.