El Gettier pragmático: Brandom sobre conocimiento y creencia
Resumen
Conocimiento y creencia despliegan plenamente las características pragmáticas que los convierten en conceptos diferentes sólo en atribuciones epistémicas de tercera persona. Esta es la tesis principal de este trabajo que tiene tres secciones. En la sección 1 arguyo, de acuerdo a una lectura pragmática de Gettier, que los agentes no pueden decir, desde su propio punto de vista, cuál es la diferencia entre lo que saben y lo que creen saber. La razón de esto se encuentra en las peculiaridades pragmáticas de nociones normativas que, de acuerdo al expresivismo normativo de Brandom, equivale a decir que declaraciones epistémicas de primera persona carecen de la complejidad requerida para servir de base de un análisis contrastante completo de los conceptos de conocimiento y creencia. La sección 2 se ocupa de las normas de afirmación y detalla en términos más clásicos algo que se sigue del tratamiento Brandomiano de afirmaciones, a saber, que las afirmaciones son expresiones de creencias que se tienen que tomar como declaraciones de conocimiento. Finalmente, en la sección 3 propongo explicar la conexión entre adscripciones de tercera persona y manifestaciones de primera persona tomando prestado una de las indicaciones de Ramsey acerca de adscripciones de verdad para derivar el papel de los últimos de aquel de los primeros. Declaraciones epistémicas de primera persona, sugiero, son esencialmente el resultado de acciones reactivas, su papel dependiendo del funcionamiento de las atribuciones de tercera persona.
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